Analisis Sifat-sifat Fisikokimia Tanah pada Ordo Tanah Ultisol di Lahan Kering Aceh Besar

Abstrak. Sifat-sifat fisikokimia tanah di antaranya adalah muatan tiitk nol, muatan permanen, dan muatan variabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sifat-sifat fisikokimia tanah pada ordo Ultisol di lahan kering Aceh Besar dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel tanah diambil pada setiap lapisan horizon dari profil tanah ordo Ultisol yang berasal dari Desa Jalin Jantho. Sebelum dianalisis, sampel tanah dikeringanginkan selama dua minggu dan kemudian digerus dan disaring dengan ayakan 0,5 mm. Analisis dilakukan di Laboratorium Penelitian Tanah dan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Parameter yang di analisis yaitu tekstur, pH, C-organik, kation basa dapat dipertukarkan (Ca, Mg, K, Na), kation asam dapat dipertukarkan (Al dan H), KTK jumlah kation, dan pH0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ultisol memiliki liat yang tinggi dengan pH masam – netral. Penurunan C-organik seiring bertambahnya kedalaman tanah,diikuti oleh penurunan pH0 menurut kedalamn tanah. Karakteristik muatan pada Ultisol Jantho memiliki tanah bermuatan negatif dan didominasi oleh muatan campuran.Analysis of Soil Physicochemical Properties on Ultisol Soil Ordersin Dry Land of Aceh BesarAbstract. The physicochemical properties of the soil include zero point of charge, permanent charge, and variable charge. This study aims to examine the physicochemical properties of Ultisol soil order in dry land of Aceh Besar using quantitative descriptive methods. Soil samples were taken at each horizon layer soil profile of the Ultisol order from Jalin Jantho Village. Before being analyzed, soil samples were dried for two weeks and then crushed and filtered with a 0.5 mm sieve. The analysis was carried out at the Soil and Plant Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. The parameters analyzed were texture, pH, C-organic, interchangeable base cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na), interchangeable acid cations (Al and H), CEC number of cations, and pH0. The results showed that Ultisol has a high clay with acidic - neutral pH. Decrease in C-organic with increasing soil depth, followed by a decrease in pH0 according to soil depth. The characteristics of the charge on Ultisol Jantho has negatively charged soil and is dominated by mixed loads.