Measuring coastal cities' resilience toward coastal hazards: Instrument development and validation

This study aims to design and validate a comprehensive assessment tool that measures the coastal cities' resilience toward coastal hazards. Instrument development process adhered to the research and development methodology that involves: i) literature review, ii) design of the assessment tool, and iii) instrument validity test using Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI). Fourteen experts were involved in the validity test. This study identified five aspects of the resilience: institutional/governance, environmental, social economic, built environment, and infrastructure. From the expert judgments, 23 items were judged as having excellent content validity (I-CVI, higher than 0.79). There were two items with unacceptable I-CVI that need for revision. The items that need revision have been modified according to the recommendations of the expert panel. The overall S-CVI of the instrument was equal to 0.9 (S-CVI/Ave) and 0.92 (S-CVI/UA). In addition, the calculation of the Kappa statistic showed that the assessment tool have excellent inter-rater reliability at the item level (K> 0.74). This study revealed that this instrument had gained an appropriate level of validity to measure the coastal cities' resilience.