Enhanced biodegradable packaging composites: Performance of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) reinforced with propionylated abaca fiber mats

This study investigates the development of a novel biocomposite tailored for sustainable packaging applications, integrating cellulosic woven fiber mats into poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), a biocompatible polymer. Utilizing hot press compression molding, composite boards with a thickness of 3 mm were fabricated. The cellulosic fiber mats were chemically modified with propionic anhydride, enhancing their compatibility with the PHBV matrix. Varied concentrations of reinforced propionylated cellulosic fiber mats (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were investigated. The propionylated cellulosic abaca fiber composites exhibited superior functional properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, and mechanical performance compared to pure PHBV matrix. Notably, mechanical properties showed significant improvement with increased cellulosic fiber content, particularly achieving optimal strength at 30 wt% reinforcement. Chemical treatment enhanced interfacial bonding, evident in higher water contact angles and confirmed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis. The biodegradation rate of biocomposites was faster compared to the control PHBV biopolymer. Despite potential agglomeration issues at higher concentrations, PHBV/chemically modified cellulosic fiber composites hold promise as sustainable packaging materials, contributing to a greener future in packaging applications.Highlights Successful preparation of PHBV composites with treated plant fibers. Propionic anhydride treatment enhances fiber-PHBV bonding and water resistance. Improved strength at 30 wt% treated abaca fiber in PHBV composites. Propionylated fibers enhance biodegradability compared to pure PHBV matrix. Promising sustainable packaging with chemically modified cellulosic fibers.