The Risk Analysis of Characteristic, Socioeconomics, Behavioral, and Home Environment Conditions toward Malaria Incidence

Malaria is an infectious disease of global concern. The Subdistrict of Arongan Lambalek in West Aceh which belongs to the Medium Incidence Area category was a malaria endemic area with Annual Parasite Incidence (API) 3,67 at 1000 population in 2013. The API was higher than national API on elimination phage less than 1 at 1000 population. The objective of this research was to analyze the characteristic, socioeconomic, behavioral, home environment conditions to determine of malaria incidence in Arongan Lambalek Subdistrict, of West Aceh District. This research was analytic observational case control approach with purposive sampling method. The number of samples in this study comprised 33 cases and 33 controls, the cases are people who tested positive for malaria, while the control group of people who tested negative by examination microscopic/rapid diagnostic test in 2014. The statistical analysis used univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate (logistic regression). The results of the bivariate analysis are five variables known to affect malaria, they are job (p = 0.000, OR = 0.05), knowledge (p = 0.000; OR = 17.5), attitude (p = 0.001; OR = 7.43), action (p = 0.000; OR = 9.8), and the environment (p = 0.000; OR = 9.0). Based on the results of the multivariate analysis (logistic regression) knowledge is the most dominan determinan (p = 0.006; OR = 12.783, 95% CI = 2.045 to 79.893). Intensive counseling regarding malaria is needed, to make people know more knowledge and information about malaria.